This discussion paper reviews EPA’s proposed rules to limit carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants and presents policy recommendations on steps West Virginia could take to comply with these rules while also capturing the economic, social, and environmental benefits of expanding the state’s energy economy. This paper is part of a Center for Energy & Sustainable Development initiative to develop sustainable solutions for the economic, energy, and climate challenges facing West Virginia. The initiative is supported through a grant from the Appalachian Stewardship Foundation.